Although the medical use of cannabis was legalised in the UK five years ago in November 2018, public knowledge of medical cannabis legislation, and awareness of medical cannabis’ availability in the UK is severely limited.
Due to this lack of awareness, there are a lot of misconceptions that surround private sector cannabis prescriptions and perceived challenges to accessing medical cannabis legally, most of which centre around the cost of medical cannabis in the UK.
Because of this, around 1.8 million people in the UK who have a legitimate reason or ‘need’ to purchase cannabis, are doing so from the black market, as opposed to from a licensed pharmacy, and so, often unintentionally fund further criminal activities
Illegal Cannabis Usage Statistics: Backstreet Bud
The estimation that 1.8 million Brits are sourcing backstreet bud for medical purposes comes from data published by The Sapphire Medical Clinic in March 2023, who conducted a YouGov survey of the general population last October.
Their findings also suggest that 52% of UK adults have been diagnosed with a health condition that may be suitable for cannabis-based treatments, but less than half of these - or 24% - are aware that cannabis-based products can be legally prescribed.
Data like this demonstrates just how widespread the lack of understanding and awareness of medical cannabis in the UK actually is.
How much money is spent on illegal cannabis in the UK?
Of the 1.8 million people believed to be buying cannabis illegally, it was found those who were using cannabis to self-medicate and treat their chronic pain were spending around £156 a month on average, which equates to £1,872 each year.
In total, it is estimated that those self-medicating with illegally obtained cannabis contribute around £3.57 billion to the underground, illegal economies each year in the UK alone.
If medical cannabis is legal in the UK, why are people purchasing it illegally?
This survey asked why people purchased medical cannabis illicitly when it is available legally for the same purpose. The findings show 41% predicted there would be too many difficulties in accessing medical cannabis through legal means, and 29% assumed medical cannabis in the UK would be too expensive to access through legal suppliers.
However, in fact, legal medical cannabis has to be produced under strict standard operating procedures and meet quality, efficacy, and standard requirements before being placed on the market. This ensures that the cannabis produced is not only effective in treating or managing patient symptoms, but is also a cost-effective treatment plan for patients.
Legal Cannabis Usage Statistics: Accessibility and Availability
Although medical cannabis was legalised half a decade ago in 2018, the legal market for cannabis-based products is still dramatically dwarfed by its illicit counterpart, and the exact figures of how many people access medical cannabis legally in the UK are still unknown.
Back in January 2023 John Spellar, the Labour MP for Warley, submitted a request into the House of Commons, asking the government to clarify the availability of legal cannabis-based medicines in the UK.
It read:
“To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, how many prescriptions for cannabis-based medicines have been issued since those prescriptions became legal?”
The reply stated that due to GDPR regulations, The NHS Business Services Authority (NHSBSA) is unable to disclose how many unlicensed cannabis-based medicines have been prescribed by the NHS.
However, they were able to reveal that 89,239 prescriptions for the same kind of medications were issued by specialists working in the private sector between November 2018 and October 2022.
During that same time frame 11,976 prescriptions were issued by the NHS for licensed cannabis-based medicines.
Later, in June 2023, a parliamentary report stated around 20,000 people in the UK hold a valid and legal prescription for cannabis-based products or medicinal cannabis with private medical cannabis clinics, and a further 1,000 are in receipt of NHS cannabis prescriptions.
However, in comparison to 1.8 million, these figures are still miniscule.
Conclusion
In conclusion, despite its legalisation, a significant proportion of the population continues to rely on illegal sources for their medical cannabis. This is largely due to misconceptions and a lack of awarenesses of cannabis legislation and accessibility options.
The statistics and insights gathered from this report, alongside many others, underscore the urgent need for increased public education surrounding the legal avenues that can be used to access medical cannabis.
This report also highlights the economic impact that the illegal cannabis market has on the UK’s economy and emphasises the importance of redirecting consumers to legal, regulated channels that will ensure patient safety, and medication quality and efficacy.
